Political Protection

It is generally assumed that political parties are ‘unprincipled’ and uninvolved in debate and dialogue, so that they cannot be a significant player in protecting human rights. Political parties are disqualified because of their collectivist outlook, their concern with bargaining, and their focus on mobilization. However, political parties are necessary intermediaries between interest groups and the formulation of comprehensive policies. Moreover, politics in a democracy is pervasively party politics. Parties are agents of and forums for political deliberation and activism, activities that may enhance human rights. Political parties’ influence and structure political opinion. Nevertheless, there is a problem with cartel-like behavior and the centralization of power within them.